Sankranti, also known as Pongal or Pedda Panduga, is one of the most celebrated and culturally rich festivals in Guntur District. It marks the harvest season and the transition of the Sun into the Capricorn (Makara) zodiac sign, symbolizing the end of winter and the beginning of longer, warmer days. The festival, usually observed in mid-January, brings together the agricultural, spiritual, and social essence of rural Andhra life, making it one of the most colorful and joyous times in the region.
The festival begins with Bhogi, where people discard old items and light bonfires before dawn, symbolizing a fresh start and the cleansing of negativity. The streets of Guntur villages glow with the warmth of fires as families gather around, singing traditional folk songs and enjoying the first celebrations. Houses are cleaned and freshly painted, with vibrant rangolis (muggu) drawn at the entrance using colored powders, flowers, and rice flour.
The third day, Kanuma, honors the cattle and acknowledges their contribution to farming life. Farmers organize friendly competitions such as bullock cart races, cockfights (Kodi Pandalu) in some areas, and village fairs (jatras) that attract large crowds. The celebration represents the bond between humans and animals in agrarian culture, reflecting the deep-rooted respect for nature and livelihood.
The final day, Mukkanuma, is more of a community gathering day. Families visit relatives, share festive meals, and organize cultural programs, folk dances, and traditional music events. In urban parts of Guntur, like Brodipet and Kothapet, people engage in kite flying competitions, painting the sky with vivid colors.